Tylosin is an antibiotic for a wide range of uses in veterinary medicine, with a mild toxic effect on the body of animals and birds (chickens, geese, turkeys, pigeons, etc.). To obtain the drug, we used the strains of actinomycetes, first discovered in the soil layer of Thailand.
Tylosin is also known as Tilan in Russia. For the first time, its pharmacological properties were studied by A.B. Baydevlyatov, who experienced the effect of the drug on two-month-old chickens.
It is produced in the form of a light yellow powder that dissolves perfectly in water, milk, fish oil. It is forbidden to dissolve tylosin in ethyl alcohol. It is sold in packages of 5 and 100 grams.
What diseases is used in veterinary medicine
Tylosin has a positive effect on gram-positive and gram-negative groups of microorganisms. The drug is used to treat and prevent bacterial infections.
The use of tylosin allows you to successfully cope with the following types of bird diseases:
- mycoplasmosis
- chronic respiratory infections in chickens and turkeys
- spirochetosis
- infectious synovitis
- sinusitis in turkeys
- necrotizing enteritis
- infectious rhinitis of chickens
Dosages for chickens and other birds
The dosage and time of application of the drug depends on the type of disease, as well as the age and type of bird. Possible subcutaneous and oral administration. With subcutaneous use of tylosin the dose is calculated individually for each bird.
On average, a chicken weighing up to 2 kilograms should receive about 60 mg. per day. For oral administration of tylosin, dilute 1 gram in 2 liters of water.
Two types of tylosin are used in animal husbandry - 5% and 20%. Chickens, turkeys, geese and other birds should purchase a 5% tylosin solution.
In order for the drug to work immediately and not lose its pharmacological properties, it is necessary to dissolve it in 100-200 grams of water, mix thoroughly and only then dose it, following the instructions.
Care must be taken to ensure that the vials are not exposed to direct sunlight. Drinks not drunk on time should be disposed of by making a new solution every day.
How to apply for chicks
Tylosin is absolutely safe for all animals and birds, including young animals.
For chickens
The drug can be used from 2 months of age. It is best administered subcutaneously, but if there are a large number of birds, it is possible to add the medicine to the water.
For subcutaneous application of the drug, it must be preheated. The duration of treatment depends on the degree of damage. Correctly selected dosage allows you to observe the first improvements by the end of the first day of administration.
In the absence of side effects, complete recovery of chickens occurs by the third day of admission.
For goslings
Tylosin is administered to goslings in the same dosage as in chickens. It is possible to use tylosin for 1-1.5 month old goslings.
In this case, the drug should be added to drinking water, carefully observing that the goslings drank only the drink with the medicine.
For turkeys
Turkey poults most often suffer from sinusitis, which is difficult to treat with drugs other than tylosin. The drug is well absorbed and quickly excreted from the turkey's body.
It is recommended to use it in relation to 1-2 month old young animals. The duration of treatment is approximately 2-3 weeks. By the end of the treatment, the sinuses return to their original position, wheezing, coughing and sneezing disappear.
Young animals need 2-3 grams of the drug diluted in water per day to noticeably improve their condition. Perhaps the addition of tylosin directly to the compound feed, or wet mash.
Instructions for using tylosin for adult birds
Tylosin is prescribed for adult birds if they have mycoplasmosis or sinusitis. It is most effective to inject the drug subcutaneously. When using the drug orally, it is necessary to calculate the dose in such a way that there are at least 5 grams per 10 liters of water.
Side effects
No obvious side effects are observed. In some cases, individual intolerance is possible, manifested in the form of edema, lethargy, fever, loss of appetite and refusal to drink. The listed negative consequences of taking the drug disappear some time after it is removed from the bird's diet.
When a subcutaneous injection is carried out with fish oil, a small rash may appear at the injection site. To avoid this, it is necessary to use exclusively water or milk base for the preparation of the drug.
When tylosin is injected into the sinuses, a temporary deterioration in the health of the bird is possible, manifested in the form of general lethargy and lack of interest in what is happening.
Contraindications
When using tylosin as the main drug, it is forbidden to simultaneously use tiamulin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, penicillin, cephalosporin and lincomycin. These drugs have a neutralizing effect on the ability of tylosin for antibacterial action.
Tylosin excreted through the mammary glands or through the urethra... Part of the drug can get into the egg, therefore it is not recommended to use it in relation to laying hens.
If the use is necessary, you should abandon the use of eggs until the bird is completely cured. The resulting eggs are allowed to be used as feed for other pets.
When planning the slaughter of birds, you should wait at least 5-8 days from the date of the last intake. If we are talking about forced slaughter, then the resulting meat should be fed to dogs and cats, or be ground into meat and bone meal.
It is forbidden to eat meat containing tylosin residues. The only exceptions are when tylosin was consumed by birds in feed.
Pharmacological properties
Tylosin is able to inhibit biochemical processes in the bird's body and inhibit protein biosynthesis, which leads to the suspension of the spread of infection.
When administered orally, the drug is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract as soon as possible and accumulates in the blood serum for 6-7 hours.
The first signs of a positive effect on a sick bird can be observed 1-2 hours after its use. Tylosin is easy excreted from the body with feces and eggs within 24 hours.
Conclusion
When working with tylosin, you should remember the precautions, use protective gloves, cotton-gauze dressings and regularly rinse your mouth with clean water. In case of contact with eyes, ears, or nose, flush the affected area with plenty of water.
Despite the fact that the drug belongs to the third hazard class, it should still be kept away from children and pets, carrying out storage in accordance with the recommendations on the package.