Many gardeners have various fruit trees on their backyard. The most popular are apple, pear and, of course, cherries.
There are a lot of varieties of cherries, the most common of them is Vladimirovskaya.
Variety history
Where and by whom the Vladimirovskaya cherry variety was bred is unknown. In central Russia, it appeared at the beginning of the 12th century., the wandering monks brought it with them. It was they who began to grow these trees on the slopes, near the monasteries.
The first seedlings took root well, but not everyone managed to overwinter. Noticing this, the monks from Greece became wrap trees and sprinkle them with snow.
After successful acclimatization, cherries began to be grown not only in monasteries, but also on estates and estates. Moreover, on the slopes, trees developed and bore fruit much better than on flat terrain.
This cherry variety was especially popular in Vladimir and its outskirts, whole cherry orchards were laid there. Hence the name ─ Vladimirovskaya.
Interesting that in the 19th century, the city of Vladimir ranked first in the cultivation of this fruit tree, and still retained this title. Cherry is a symbol of this land, which is confirmed by the monument to this berry.
Description
Over the years, Vladimirskaya cherries were propagated in several ways:
- seeds;
- sprouts.
That is why these days the fruit of this variety has many forms... The distinctive features are:
- dark cherry fleshy pulp;
- small and medium-sized fruits, weighing up to 3.5 g;
- berries are flat-round, slightly compressed on the sides;
- round top with a shallow funnel;
- black and red skin with gray spots;
- the bone easily leaves the pulp;
- stalk length up to 45 mm.
It tastes itself the berry is sweet and sour, but the sourness prevails more.
One hundred grams of cherry pulp of this variety contains the following components:
- 16.5% dry matter;
- 11% sugar;
- 0.63% free acids;
- 4.5 m / g ascorbic acid.
The tree itself grows in the form of a bush with its own well-developed root system; in a grafted form, a standard tree with a round crown shape is formed. It can be up to 5 meters high.
The central trunk and branches have a gray-brown color of the bark with longitudinal shallow cracks.
The young stem forms a round crown, which, over the years, becomes more spreading and weeping. There are very few leaves inside, but young branches of a yellow-brown color delight the eye with abundant greenery.
Skeletal branches extend from the main trunk at an angle of 50-60 degrees. Vegetative buds are conical, small in size and dark brown in color; generative buds will have an oval shape.
The leaves of the Vladimir cherry are of medium size, painted in a dark green matte color. Shape ─ oval, oblong-ovoid with jagged edges along the entire edge. The length of the petiole does not exceed 1.2 cm of average thickness and has a specific color.
At the base of the leaf, on the petiole, there are 1-3 glands of dark red color. The inflorescence is collected from 5-7 saucer-shaped flowers of medium size. The split double tip allows the petals to touch each other.
The stigma and anthers are located at the same level, supported by their bowl in the form of an antoncyanic glass, the pedicel is 25 mm long.
This variety is characterized by the typical fruiting of bush cherries, which explains why about 85% of the ovary is on annual branches.
Vladimirskaya cherry is a self-fertile variety, high yields can be achieved if trees of other varieties grow nearby.
Select pollinators very carefully., Griot Moscow, Amorel pink, Fertile Michurina, Lyubskaya, Lotovaya, Turgenevka, Vasilyevskaya, Black consumer goods will be good options.
Fruiting
In different regions, Vladimirskaya cherry bears fruit in different ways. Her winter quarters have a great influence here, this variety at low temperatures is prone to freezing of generative buds, which should give the main crop.
This is precisely the main reason that this garden tree is quite rare in the northern regions of the middle lane.
The variety belongs to mid-season, 60-65 days pass from flowering to berry picking. The crop is usually harvested no later than mid-July. If you delay this process, then the berries will begin to sprinkle themselves, due to the weak stalk.
A young tree begins to delight with its fruits in a couple of years after planting. The average yield in a favorable climate from an adult cherry is 25-30 kg of berries.
In the northern region, this figure is much lower ─ only 5 kg.
Pros and cons
The advantages of this variety include:
- high quality fruits that are quite versatile in use;
- relatively high yield;
- It does not require special care;
- the tree looks beautiful in the overall picture of the garden;
- good winter hardiness;
- well tolerates transportation even over long distances.
But Vladimirovskaya cherry also has disadvantages:
- poor resistance to fungal diseases;
- low frost resistance of generative buds;
- the need for other varieties for pollination.
But, wonderful taste of the fruit smooths out all the negative aspects.
Planting and leaving
Planting Vladimir cherry varieties is best done in the autumn or spring... Gardeners are advised to do this in the spring, there is a greater chance that the tree will take over and develop correctly.
Choosing a place
This cherry variety is doing great on hills or slopes... Hills of 8-15 degrees of curvature, well-lit and protected from the wind, are ideal.
Also, it is worth considering the location of the slope itself. The most favorable are considered northwestern, western and southwestern... The soil here warms up evenly and does not have excess moisture.
On the southern slopes, the tree will suffer from insufficient moisture, and sharp winter temperature drops will only have a negative effect.
Northern slopes do not endow the cherry with the proper dose of sunlight. Such a planting site will entail a much later ripening of the fruits and a change in their taste.
Vladimir cherry can also be planted on flat areas, but you should immediately prepare for the fact that development will be much slower. And the tree itself will often suffer from freezing in the winter.
This variety poorly tolerates lowlands and hollows... In such places, there is a large accumulation of dampness and ventilation is very poor. These factors negatively affect the development and fruiting of this cherry variety.
Loam or black earth would be perfect when choosing a soil for planting.
Planting a tree will take very little time:
- We dig a hole for a seedling up to 50 cm deep, and no more than 80 cm in diameter.
- We put a peg in the center.
- We lower the seedling next to the peg.
- Sprinkle the hole with soil mixed with humus.
- We compact the ground a little to fill the voids between the roots.
The tree should be strictly vertical to the ground... The seedling must be tied to a peg, the length of which should be slightly lower than the very first branch.
It is necessary to form a small shaft around the hole and water the tree abundantly.
Before boarding, be sure to check the seedling rhizome... If it is very dry, which indicates long-term transportation, the roots should be soaked in a container of water for at least 5 hours.
Care
Care for the Vladimir cherry variety is regular pruning of the crown, introducing nutrients and preparing it for wintering.
Crown pruning is carried out in two stages ─ in spring and summer.
In the spring gardeners form a crown and remove all diseased branches. In summer pruning is done after harvest. Branches that do not bear fruit are removed, but only thicken the crown.
Cherry pruning:
Nutrients, such as manure, sawdust, compost are applied in the autumn. This is done so that the tree overwinters well and pleases with a good harvest.
Vladimir cherry prepared for winter in the following way:
- cover the roots with straw or sawdust;
- whitewash the trunk, in order to avoid the negative effects of sunlight and various pests.
Watering
For cherries recommended four times watering 4-6 buckets at a time:
- as soon as the tree began to bloom;
- when the ovary begins to develop;
- when the harvest was harvested;
- in the third decade of October, before frosts.
It is not advisable to do this more often., since there is a possibility of rot formation in the roots.
Features of the Vladimirskaya cherry variety
This variety is universal, fruits are used for compotes, jam, freezing, canning, drying.
Vladimir cherry is very susceptible to fungal diseases and various pests.
Pest control
First of all, when pruning, remove all infected brancheswhich should then be burned.
After the first frost tree and trunk are treated with 5% urea solutionthat will kill all pests.
Reviews
Leonid, Kursk: “I have been growing this variety on my site for more than ten years. No complaints. "
Irina, Vladimir: “Vladimirskaya cherry is a favorite variety of our family. During the entire growing period, I froze a couple of times, but quickly recovered. "
Nikolay, Vyazniki: “The wonderful taste of the berries conquered our grandmother. At the dacha there are more than ten cherries of this sort. "
Cherry grade Vladimirsky:
Excellent productivity, good taste of fruits, unpretentious care allows Vladimirskaya cherry to be one of the most popular among gardeners in the middle lane.