Peach is a short-lived plant... It is distinguished by its rapid entry into the fruiting phase, intensive growth.
Peach buds have the ability to quickly awaken and release young shoots. The crown grows and if it is not thinned out, starting from the second year, then the yield will decrease.
From the fourth year, the peaches will become small and misshapen. Young trees begin to bear fruit in the second year after planting. With good care, they can give a crop in the first year, with autumn planting.
But this should not be allowed. It is better to let the plant develop. You will collect a small crop, but time will be spent, and the plant will lose strength.
Table of contents
- Juicy peach variety
- Varieties and their description
- Ripen early: Kiev Early, White Swan, Grisboro and Redhaven, Morettini
- Medium ripening: Collins, Cardinal, Golden Moscow, Sibiryak, Saturn, Kremlin, Donskoy
- Late, frost-resistant: Fury, Frost, Veteran
- Self-fertilized, self-fertile peaches: Inka, Vulcan, Harnas, Golden Jubilee
Juicy peach variety
In the past, gardeners dreamed of peaches that can be grown in all regions of the country, not just in the south.
Today their dreams have come true: breeders have developed many interesting winter-hardy, frost-resistant varieties with different fruiting times, fruit shapes and taste.
Peach trees are divided into four groups (depending on the shape of the fetus):
- Real peach is a plant with pubescent fruits.
- Nectarine or bare peach.
- Potanin's Peach (Potanin's Almond).
- Fergana peach or fig (flattened fruit).
The timing of fruit ripening, the flowering period - it all depends not only on the area where the tree is grown, but also on the characteristics of the variety:
- Early maturing varieties give off the first fruits from July to August.
- Mid-season enter the fruiting phase in early August and delight with the harvest until September.
- Late peaches ripen in autumn: September, early October.
Which variety is best suited for a plot or garden depends on the climatic features of the area. It is important to choose plants so as to stretch the fruiting season for the whole season.
The yield of the plant depends on the correct choice of the variety. When buying a seedling, you need to pay attention to several important points, we give their description:
- Where did the seedling come from?... If the nursery is located in a different strip, then the seedling may die in the first year after planting or it will constantly freeze. The variety should be zoned, and the nursery should be in the same climatic zone (preferably even in the same region) where the tree will grow.
- Inspection of the scion site... It should be smooth and even, without bumps and hardened juice.
- Plant root system should have a fibrous shape. A root in one trunk is not good.
Annual seedlings take root better and delight with the harvest faster. When buying, it is better to focus on them, but choose strong, healthy plants, and not frail twigs.
Varieties and their description
Ripen early: Kiev Early, White Swan, Grisboro and Redhaven, Morettini
The peculiarity of early maturing varieties is that they quickly enter the fruiting phase. Two-, three-year-old seedlings are already producing a small harvest. Yields peak in the fourth to fifth year after planting.
When choosing early maturing varieties, it is better to focus on plants that have a low, spreading crown. They are easier to care for and shape during growth. Shorter trees are also easier to harvest.
Among the representatives of this group, varieties deserve special attention Early Kiev, White Swan and Redhaven.
Redhiven's crop peaks around 11 years old. More than a hundred kilograms of fruits are harvested from one tree.
Each variety of early peach is good in its own way and has a lot of advantages.
Benefits of early peach varieties:
- form a wide crown no more than 5 meters high;
- plants bloom in April-May;
- they enter the fruiting phase quickly: in the fourth year after planting the seedling;
- fruiting is extended from July to August;
- it has a high yield, aromatic and tasty fruits.
The first fruits appear on a mature, well-formed tree. This cannot but affect the yield: from a six-year-old tree, with proper care, up to 60 kilograms of peaches can be harvested.
Another prominent representative of this group is Grisborough variety... It is distinguished by its medium vigor, but, unlike the above-mentioned varieties, it has an average winter hardiness.
In order for the plant to bear fruit in mid-latitudes, it must be planted in calm places.
High winter hardiness pleases peach moretini... One of its advantages is a spreading crown that is easy to shape.
Morettini fruits are among the first to ripen, but they have average transportability. This prevents the fruit from being transported over long distances.
Medium ripening: Collins, Cardinal, Golden Moscow, Sibiryak, Saturn, Kremlin, Donskoy
Medium ripening varieties allow the peach conveyor to continue.
Feature of plants of this species:
- high, spreading crown (from 5 meters);
- high productivity;
- good winter hardiness;
- large fruits.
Mid-season peaches have a huge number of varieties, but among them there are several species that show themselves perfectly in any conditions and do not require special care: Collins, Cardinal, Golden Moscow, Siberian, Saturn, Kremlin.
Variety Cardinal famous for its huge fruits (from 140 g) and excellent taste. This is one of the most delicious types of peach. On the international tasting scale, he received five points. This is the highest mark.
The plant is resistant to diseases, but it is difficult to tolerate recurrent frosts. It is better to plant it in a calm place, not far from the wall of a house or fence, but far from water.
Kremlin peach adapts without problems to changing temperature conditions, has high winter hardiness. Thanks to this, he attracted the attention of gardeners from regions where summers are cool. With good care, the fruits reach up to 200 g.
Variety Golden Moscow not so long ago appeared on the market, but its seedlings are very popular. The plant winters well and is resistant to diseases, has juicy large fruits.
The fruiting period stretches for almost three weeks. The peach blooms late, after the threat of frost return, and this increases the number of quality fruits.
Sibiryak variety highly prized by farmers for its excellent transportability. The yellow fruit can be kept cold for up to three weeks. In addition, they are tasty and juicy, and the bone is easily separated from the pulp.
The first crop is harvested in August, and the last fruits are removed in early September.
Peach Saturn stored no longer than 12 days. It's also a lot. The plant has high winter hardiness (up to -27). A strong crown complicates care and this affects the yield.
If the branches are tilted down, then you can get an excellent harvest every year.
The most winter-hardy representative of this group is peach donskoy... It not only withstands severe frosts, but also quickly recovers after freezing.
The main advantage of peaches of the middle ripening period is their high yield, transportability of fruits and excellent winter hardiness of the tree.
Most varieties have a juicy pulp and a pleasant aroma.... A high crown can be regarded as a disadvantage, but with the correct shaping of the tree, it is easily eliminated and turns into a virtue.
Late, frost-resistant: Fury, Frost, Veteran
Planted a peach, but it does not bear fruit, only intensively increases the crown? Do not be upset: it is better to be patient and wait a little longer.
Late-ripening varieties bear fruit starting at the age of 5 after planting a seedling. They are intended for cultivation in the southern regions. In the North and in the Middle zone, they do not have time to ripen and are sour.
American Fury variety withstands frosts down to -28 degrees. It is valued for its huge, up to 300 g, orange-colored fruits. The plant is undemanding to care.
The harvest falls in September, when only apple and pear trees are left in the garden. The fruits are stored for no longer than six days.
Frost variety also bred by American breeders, who focused on winter hardiness and large-fruited plants.
The tree gives a high stable yield, withstands frosts down to -26 degrees, and is resistant to diseases. The fruits are used for fresh food. Stored for ten days.
Veteran grade differs from late-ripening varieties in that it quickly enters the fruiting phase and has a low growth. The size of the fruit is also not impressive (no more than 150 g).
They love it for its good taste. It is ideal for conservation.
Self-fertilized, self-fertile peaches: Inka, Vulcan, Harnas, Golden Jubilee
Self-pollinated varieties are very popular with gardeners. To increase fruiting, recommend planting several plants for cross-pollination... But one tree will also bear fruit.
Among self-pollinated, self-fertile varieties, a good harvest in a single planting gives Inka, Volcano, Harnas, Golden Jubilee.
Harnas belongs to winter-hardy, early-ripening dessert varieties. It is a vigorous tree that bears fruit regularly. Its peculiarity is that the fruits hold tightly to the branches and do not fall off.
Early maturing varieties are distinguished by high winter hardiness of trees and flower buds. They can withstand recurrent frost. This makes it possible to grow them not only in the southern latitudes, but also in the middle lane, as well as in Siberia and the Urals.
In the regions of Siberia, it is necessary to protect trees from recurrent frosts.
Mid-season varieties build up a decent crown and only then please with a rich harvest. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to form branches, but a regular and generous harvest allows you to turn a blind eye to this.
Mid-season varieties often bent downward to facilitate harvesting.
The lack of late-ripening varieties isthat they can only grow in a certain area. But if the climatic conditions allow, then these trees will not only decorate the garden, but also delight with delicious fruits.
When planting a peach, it should be borne in mind that all varieties bloom very early, when there are still few pollinating insects. You can help the plant by gently shaking the upper branches so that the pollen falls on the lower inflorescences.
Plants respond well to fertilizing and watering... Water plays an important role in the formation of fruits. Its quantity determines not only the size of peaches, but also their taste and aroma.
Give your seedlings a little attention and care so that they can turn into beautiful trees and please with the harvest every year.