All varieties of cherries differ among themselves in various ways, whether it is the ripening time, the size of the fruit or the region of growth. The most frost-resistant cherries are those grown in the northern regions. (Ob, Ashinskaya, Metelitsa), but the most productive and sweetest varieties grow in the south of the country (Lyubskaya, Shpanka, Garland). Cherries, early ripening the most stable, but their taste is much more sour (Shokoladnitsa, Molodezhnaya), medium ripening varieties are the golden mean (Vladimirskaya, Zhukovskaya, Turgenevka). Another sign is the presence of flowers of both sexes, that is, self-fertility (Apkhutinskaya, Pamyat Yenikiev). To choose the most suitable cherry variety, you need to know all their characteristics.
Self-fertile varieties of cherries
Self-fertile varieties include cherries that no additional pollination required, and they independently set both male and female flowers.
Apukhtinskaya
A medium-sized tree on which large and tasty heart-shaped fruits grow. The Apukhtinskaya variety begins to bear fruit already in the second year after planting, refers to late ripening, the ripening of the crop falls in mid-August. The tree has good resistance to frost and drought, but it is also susceptible to fungal diseases.
Memory of Yenikiev
The tree grows up to 3 meters in height, the crown is of medium density, spherical in shape. Fruit weight reaches 5 gramsso they can be considered large. The shape of the berries is oval, the color is dark red. Cherry pulp Yenikiev's memory is very tasty and juicy. The variety is distinguished by the presence of a large bone... The tree begins to bear fruit already at 3-4 years of age, the period of full ripening of the crop falls at the end of June. One cherry can be harvested up to 15 kilograms of fruit... It has medium resistance to frost and drought.
Also among self-fertile varieties of cherries are Garland, Brunette, Cinderella, Shokoladnitsa, ErdiBetermo, Ksenia, Nochka, Vstrecha, etc.
Early varieties of cherries
Cherry varieties that ripen between early June and mid-July are called early cherry varieties.... Their berries are less sweet, and the trees have good frost resistance.
Chocolate girl
This cherry tree is of medium height, with a crown shape reminiscent of an inverted cone. The berries have a sour taste and maroon color. The pulp is a deep red shade, dense, with an easily detachable bone... The Shokoladnitsa variety tolerates frost and drought well, is resistant to many diseases, and is self-fertile. Brings a stable harvest.
Spunk
This variety is a cherry-cherry hybrid. A tall tree with freely growing branches resembles a ball in its shape. In addition, the attachment of branches to the tree is rather weak, so when the crop appears, there is a risk that they will begin to break. The taste of berries is sweet and sour, on average, their weight is 4 grams... Fruit color is dark red, rounded-flattened shape. The first crop of Spanka brings in 6-7 years of life, but at the age of 20, you can get up to 60 kilograms of cherries from a tree. Fruiting occurs from late June to early July... The variety is highly resistant to frost and drought and requires pollinators.
Youth
Shrub cherry, with a low, slightly drooping crown. The fruits of the Molodezhnaya variety are large in size, their weight can reach 4.8 grams, the skin and pulp have the same maroon color. The stone separates well, and a slight sourness is felt in the taste of the cherries themselves, such berries are perfect for preservation and freezing. The first crop appears on a 5-year-old tree, fruiting mainly occurs on last year's wood... Molodezhnaya is a frost-resistant variety. It has an average resistance to disease.
Miracle cherry
Medium vigor tree cherry. The crown of the tree needs constant formation, with a free form of growth, it looks like a cone, and the fruits will accumulate at the very top. The taste of berries is dessert, sweet, in all their external characteristics they resemble cherries, can reach a weight of 9.5 grams. The variety is self-fertile and needs pollinators. The tree begins to bear fruit from 3 years of age, while bringing a large, stable harvest. You can harvest the fruits in early June. Miracle cherry is resistant to frost and most diseases.
Baby
The tree is of medium height and spherical. It bears beautiful dark red fruits with a pleasant sweet and sour taste, the stone is easily separated from the pulp. The shape of the berries is round, evenly flattened, the weight reaches 5 grams... Variety Malyshka Differs in good transportability, immunity to fungal diseases and frost resistance. Productivity is inferior to other varieties, from one tree you can get 17 kilograms of cherries. Their full maturity falls at the end of June.
There are also other early-ripening varieties of cherries. For example, Memory, Bulatnikovskaya, Enikeeva, Bagryanka, Saniya, Vasilievskaya.
Medium ripening cherry varieties
Mid-early cherries are called cherries that ripen in the middle of summer; they have the best taste.
Vladimirskaya
Vladimirskaya - one of the oldest varieties grown in the central regions of Russia. Bushy tree, grayish bark... The branches grow downward, so the shape of the crown is called weeping. On one inflorescence 5-7 flowers of a delicate white color are collected. Leaves of a matte green hue, elongated, gradually sharpening to the base and top, the edge is double-serrate. The fruits are sweet and sour, slightly fibrous, well suited for all forms of processing. The skin color is dark red, almost black, the weight of the berries does not exceed 3.7 grams, the shape is rounded-flattened. The first fruiting occurs in the 3rd year of life, cherry ripening occurs at the end of July. This variety tolerates winter cold well, but spring frosts can completely destroy the inflorescences, and, accordingly, the entire crop. It grows best in central Russia; with good care it can bear 25 kilograms of fruit. In the northern regions, the yield drops sharply to 6-7 kilograms... Vladimirskaya needs pollinators and additional protection from diseases and pests. If the berries are not picked in time, they will begin to crumble very quickly.
Zhukovskaya
Cherry grows up to 2.5 meters, the crown of the tree is spreading, but rare. The leaves are narrow, oval, dark green. Forms inflorescences of 3-4 flowers, medium size with rounded petals. Fruiting occurs on last year's annual wood... Most often, the berries are located singly, sometimes in two. Cherry varieties Zhukovskaya medium size, up to 4 grams, dark red, heart-shaped. The pulp is tender, juicy, with a dessert taste. Disease resistance is average.
Kharitonovskaya
The tree grows to medium size, the flowers are large, white. The berries themselves are evenly rounded, the skin is bright red, the flesh is orange. They have a sweet and sour taste, the stone is easily separated... Good immunity to various diseases, normal frost resistance. The Kharitonovskaya variety needs additional pollination.
Turgenevka
A cherry tree of this variety grows up to 3 meters, forms inflorescences of 4 white flowers. Fruiting takes place on bouquet twigs. Berries are broadly heart-shaped, large in size, weighing up to 6.5 grams... The skin color is dark red, the pulp is juicy, sour-sweet, the taste is normal. The first crop ripens at 5-6 years of age, full ripening of fruits occurs in early July. Turgenevka tolerates winter frosts well, but may die when spring frosts appear... It is highly resistant to diseases and needs pollinators. The variety produces a good, stable yield.
Morozovka
The tree grows medium in size, the crown is wide, spreading. Fruiting occurs on bouquet twigs, the berries are round in shape with a fossa at the stalk, the weight can reach 5.5 grams. The skin is dark burgundy, the pulp is juicy, dessert taste with an easily detachable bone... Such berries are suitable both for fresh consumption and for processing, they are well transported. The tree begins to bear fruit at the age of 3 years; the fruit of the Morozovka variety ripens at the end of July. The harvest is stable, up to 500 kilograms per hundred square meters... The variety is resistant to frost, drought and disease. Needs pollinators.
Also, the average ripening period is possessed by the varieties Radonezh, Vstrecha, Toy, Nochka.
Late varieties of cherries
Late varieties are the last to ripen, in late summer and early autumn.
Lyubskaya
The variety is intended for cultivation in central and southern Russia, it is very demanding on soil fertility and quality of care. Produces a large crop with blood-red, transportable fruits with a mediocre taste... These berries are ideal for processing. The tree is self-fertile, but with additional pollination, it gives higher yields. A young tree bears up to 26 kilograms of fruit, and an adult up to 60. Lyubskaya does not have frost resistance and is often subject to various diseases.
Generous
Bushy cherry with upturned shoots. The weight of one cherry is about 4 grams, its shape is round, the color is bright red. Pulp with good taste, the stone is easily separated. The presentation of the berries is at the highest level, they are resistant to cracking. Variety Generous gives an annual, bountiful harvest, ripens in autumn... The tree gives its first cherries as early as 3-4 years. Generous is distinguished by high frost resistance, it can easily endure even spring frosts, and the variety does not lend itself to attacks by pests, it tolerates drought well. Prone to diseases, especially fungal.
Robin
A tree of medium height with a spherical crown. Leaves with a wide plate, glossy, green, crenate edge. Cherries are small, the average weight of one berry is 3-3.5 grams, the shape is round... The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant, the pulp is dense. The variety gives an annual, bountiful harvest that ripens in early August. The robin needs additional pollinators and protection from disease. Frost resistance - medium.
Other varieties of late-ripening cherries are Zhuravka, Polevka, Rubinovaya, Lotovaya, Rusinka, Gorkovskaya.
Large varieties of cherries
Cherry varieties with large dessert berries are not inferior to sweet cherries in their taste. But compared to other varieties, they are whimsical to climatic conditions and quality of care.
Consumer goods Black
A low-growing tree with very tasty berries with a dark skin of almost black color. The pulp is juicy, tender, with an easily detachable bone. The fruits ripen Consumer goods Black in early June, the yield of the variety is moderate... Has poor resistance to frost. The tree needs additional pollination.
Volochaevka
A medium-sized tree is capable of producing an annual harvest. The berries are sweet, juicy with dense pulp and easily removable pits. Maturation occurs in mid-July. The variety does not tolerate frost well, in the rainy season there is a risk of rot... Volochaevka forms both female and male flowers, self-fertile.
A meeting
A short tree, the weight of the fruit of which exceeds the mark of 10 grams. The berries are bright red, with a tender and juicy pulp... The harvest of the Vetska variety is stable and annual, ripening falls on the 20th of June. The variety tolerates frost and drought well, and is resistant to fungal diseases.
Also, varieties with large fruits include Molodezhnaya, Dessertnaya Morozova, Pamyat Yenikeev, Podbelskaya, Minx, Toy, etc.
Low-growing (dwarf) cherry varieties
Trees of such varieties grow no higher than 2.5 meters.... They are very convenient for breeding and harvesting, therefore they are very popular among gardeners.
Anthracite
A bushy cherry with a wide crown, its maximum growth is 2 meters. The skin of the berries is dark, almost black in color, the flesh is blood red... Fruit weight is 4-5 grams, taste is good. Cherries ripen in mid-summer and are well transported. The Anthracite variety is resistant to frost, drought and fungus.
Bystrinka
The small tree forms a spherical crown. Burgundy berries, with the same color pulp, their weight ranges from 3.5-4.2 grams, are well transported. The taste is sweet and sour. The harvest period is early July... The frost resistance of the Bystrinka variety is average. There is a risk of damage from moniliosis.
Mtsenskaya
The tree rarely exceeds 2 meters in height, the crown is oval. Average, one berry weighs 4 grams, the skin color is maroon... Most often, the fruits of the Mtsenskaya variety are processed. The trees are characterized by good resistance to frost, drought and most diseases. They also have an attractive appearance, which is why they are often used in landscape design.
There are many undersized varieties of cherries, these include Lyubskaya, Molodezhnaya, Pamyat Mashkin, Shokoladnitsa, Vladimirskaya, Tamaris and Saratov baby.
The best varieties of cherries for the southern regions of Russia
Such varieties are distinguished by excellent taste, low or medium frost resistance. Their cultivation is possible only in warm climatic conditions.
Sasha
On average, the tree grows up to 3-4 meters, the foliage is average. Fruiting occurs on annual shoots. The fruits are large, juicy, red. They differ in excellent taste. The Sasha variety is frost-resistant, rarely exposed to diseases... The first fruiting occurs in the 5th year of life, the ripening period is early.
Garland
The growth of the tree is 3 meters, a large amount of foliage is formed on the branches. The Garland variety is distinguished by the presence of inflorescences, of which 5 fruits appear. The berries are very large, juicy and tasty, the skin color is slightly darker than the flesh. The first crop can be harvested in mid-June already in the 3rd year of life... The tree does not need additional pollination.
Also for the southern regions such varieties as Lyubskaya, Shpanka, Shokoladnitsa are suitable.
The best cherry varieties for the northern regions
Ashinskaya
It is considered the best variety for the northern regions. A low-growing shrub, whose growth does not exceed 1.5 meters, can tolerate frosts down to -55 degrees... Also drought tolerant. The berries are dark in color, with a dense pulp, slightly astringent, sweet and sour taste. The bone is small, easy to remove. Flowering occurs from the beginning of April, the first crop of the bush gives at 4 years of age.
Ob
A short shrub that is only 130 centimeters tall. Fruiting occurs on annual growths. The berries are small, dark red in color, with a good taste and a small, well-separable stone... Fruits ripen in mid-July. Ob is able to withstand severe frosts and drought, but is highly susceptible to pest attacks. The variety is self-fertile and does not need pollination.
Altai swallow
A low-growing bush, no more than 150 centimeters high. The berries are round and medium in size, with excellent taste and juiciness... Fruits ripen in mid-July. The yield of the variety is very different from the trees growing in the southern regions, and is only 5 kilograms. The Altai swallow tolerates frost and drought well, and is immune to many diseases. It is also a pollinator for many cherry varieties.
For the northern regions, the Novoaltaiskaya and Metelitsa varieties may be suitable.
The most delicious cherry varieties for Siberia and the Urals
Such varieties of cherries adapt well to the changeable climate of Siberia and the Urals, besides, they are distinguished by good yield and taste.
Ural ruby
A shrub, whose growth is 1.5 meters, the crown is wide, the branches are weeping, growing downward. The leaves are wide, shiny, dark green in color, their shape resembles a boat. Fruits weigh only 3-4 grams, round, dark red, juicy, sweet and sour taste... Ripen in mid-August. The variety is self-fertile, but it has a stable and good yield; an adult tree bears up to 10 kilograms of berries.
Lighthouse
Lighthouse - a bush 2 meters high with a wide spreading crown and leaves folded into a boat. The Siberian variety is self-fertile, but when planted next to such varieties as Vole and Schedra, it gives the most abundant yields. Fruits gain weight up to 6 grams, dark red, sour-sweet taste. The crop can be harvested in early August, on average, one bush gives from 5 to 15 kilograms of fruit.
Also for these territories are suitable varieties Standard Ural, Schedra, Sverdlovchanka, Zagrebinskaya and Gridnevskaya.
The best cherry varieties for the Moscow region, description and care
The varieties that are best suited for the Moscow region must have good resistance to frost, and be unpretentious to the composition of the soil, a description of which can be found below.
Early varieties
From the category of early varieties of the Moscow region the varieties Molodezhnaya and Chudo cherry are best suited.
Among mid-season varieties, one can distinguish Turgenevka, Excellent Venyaminova and Griot Moskovsky.
Griot of Moscow
A tree with a spherical crown and matte leaves. Berries reach 3.5 grams in their weight, taste characteristics are at the highest level, fruits are suitable for various types of processing... Such a variety ripens in mid-July, the yield is above average, from one hundred you can get up to a ton of cherries. Resistance to winter cold and return frost is excellent. Undergoes coccomycosis and monial burn.
Late varieties
Among the varieties of late ripening Zhukovskaya has recommended herself in the best way.
The undersized (dwarf) cherry varieties for the Moscow region include Molodezhnaya, Mayak, Tamaris, Bystrinka, Memory Mashkin and Malyshka.
Tamaris
The crown of the tree is small, rounded. Fruits are dark red in color with sparse brown spots. The pulp of the berries is juicy, the taste is sour. Cherries can be used both for fresh consumption and for various processing, fruit transportability is average. You can harvest the crop in early August. The variety has good frost and drought resistance.
In memory of Mashkin
The crown of the tree is spreading, drooping, spherical. The fruits are large in size, grow up to 5 grams, with their own dessert taste, they often become a decoration of any garden. Maturation occurs in mid-July... Resistance to frost and sore immunity is average.
Self-fertile varieties
The most popular self-fertile varieties for the Moscow region are Apukhtinskaya, Lyubskaya, Zagorievskaya, Volochaevka, Shokoladnitsa, Vstrecha, Garland and Cinderella.
Cinderella
Medium-sized tree, forming fruits weighing 4 grams, round-oval and light red in color, sweet and sour taste. The harvest ripens in mid-July, from one tree you can get up to 15 kilograms of berries... The frost resistance of the tree itself and of the flower buds is excellent. The variety does not require additional protection against fungal diseases.
Breeders have bred a huge number of cherry varieties, which makes it possible to grow this crop in all corners of Russia. For the most part, all trees have good or medium frost resistance and bear sweet and sour fruits.... Each gardener can choose and plant the cherry that will decorate his particular plot.