Every gardener dreams of growing grapes on his plot, which will not only have an attractive bunch shape, good fruit taste, but also do not contain seeds. Since a large number of large seeds can significantly spoil the overall impression of the grapes. These varieties include the seedless grape Jupiter, a description of which is presented below.
Biological description of the grape variety Jupiter
One of the popular and best seedless table grape varieties - Jupiter, which, due to its frost resistance, is an indisputable favorite in temperate latitudes. The creators of the grapes are breeders John R. Clark, James N. Moore from the University of Arkansas, USA. To obtain a hybrid, used grapes such as V. Vinifera and V. Labrusca.
Grapes begin to bear fruit in the third year from the moment of planting, and with proper care, in the second. The growing season ranges from 105 to 120 days. You can harvest the crop at the end of July.
Jupiter bushes with a well-developed root system are characterized by an average vigor. The vine is colored light brown. The plant is decorated with green three-lobed, weakly dissected leaves. The flowers are bisexual and do not require additional pollination. Bunches of medium density have a cylindrical or conical shape and a uniform density. Bunch weight varies from 200 to 500 g. On the shoots, 3-5 inflorescences can be tied, so there is no need for rationing, since with proper care, the plant can easily cope with the load. Leave up to 40 eyes on the vine.
Characteristics of berries
The oval-shaped berries are located in the brush tightly to each other, so the bunch is compact and neat. The weight of one fruit is 4-5 g, which is considered a high indicator for raisins. The process of ripening berries attracts attention: in technical maturity, their skin has a red or pink color, which at the time of biological maturation becomes dark blue. This helps to determine the correct harvest time.
The density of the skin prevents wasp families from destroying the yields of tasty fruits. The fruit contains no seeds, but may contain a small amount of rudiments. The juicy flesh has a fleshy structure, a sweet taste with a delicate hint of nutmeg and a medium isable tone.
Sugar content does not exceed 21%, and the acidity of the juice is 6 g / l.
Advantages and disadvantages of kishmish
The main advantages for which the variety is recommended for cultivation are:
- early date entry into fruiting;
- high yield indicators, from one hectare you can get 200-250 centners;
- good rooting cuttings and ripening of shoots, even in regions with a harsh climate;
- preservation of taste and presentation during transportation over long distances;
- frost resistance, the ability to withstand up to -26̊С, and therefore does not require additional shelter;
- excellent resistance to cracking berries with sudden jumps in temperature and humidity;
- versatility of berries, are used both fresh and used for making homemade wine and high-quality raisins, characterized by sweetness and long shelf life;
- attractive external characteristics of vines and berries make it possible to use the vineyard for decorative purposes.
In addition to the advantages, it is important to identify the disadvantages, namely:
- shattering of fruits when overripe, therefore, it is necessary to monitor the growth process, harvesting, as soon as the berries become bright blue and are filled with juice;
- medium resistance to mildew, powdery mildew and gray rot, which is why the bushes need regular processing to eliminate the loss of crop risk.
Landing technology
Young seedlings are best planted in spring. During the summer season, the plant takes root in the ground and acclimatizes to external environmental conditions. Planting can be carried out in the fall, only to carry out all measures to protect the grape bushes from low temperatures.
The main condition is to correctly determine the location for planting plant bushes. When choosing a site, give preference to sunlit and sheltered areas.
Stages of the planting process:
- Prepare the site, removing all weeds and digging deep into the soil.
- For 2-3 weeks it is necessary prepare the pits, keeping the distance between them from 2 to 4 m.
- Put crushed stone on the bottom of the hole with a layer of up to 10 cm, pour a composition of humus and fertile soil on top and cover with earth, which will separate the roots of the seedling from the fertilized layers.
- Insert a peg from the north side, that in the process of growth will serve as a reliable support.
- Before boarding put the seedlings in water or solution, promotes rapid growth and root formation.
- Set sapling so that the divergence point of the shoots on the seedling remains at ground level. Cover with earth carefully, adding water for greater soil density.
- Then water, fix on the support pegs and mulch with soil fertilized with nutrients.
Growing grapes in the first year is an important stage in the development of young plants. Therefore, you need to take care of the vineyard from the moment of planting, creating comfortable conditions for it.
Care of young and mature vines
The Jupiter grape variety is not considered capricious in care, but to form a full-fledged high-quality crop, it requires compliance with certain care rules:
- supply the plant with moisture at the time of bud break, after flowering and during the growth of fruits, by high-quality irrigation, using water at room temperature;
- clear territory growing plants from weeds;
- mulch the ground to preserve the structure of the soil, the correct operation of its microflora, the retention of moisture and the blocking of weed crops;
- realize root and foliar feeding essential nutrients;
- cut off vines, by shortening shoots by 6-8 eyes, which will help stimulate plant growth to increase yields;
- remove weak shoots in the spring, so that they do not draw out the plant resource;
- perform green operations, which includes the debris, pinching of growth points and pinching;
- spend preventive spraying to prevent contamination of the vineyard with diseases and pests;
- protect young bushes from freezing in the winter, by covering them with special materials that allow moisture and air to pass through, which will provide a normal microclimate.
Proper care will have a beneficial effect on yield growth and development of the vineyard as a whole.
Reproduction methods
The plant takes root and takes root well. Jupiter can be propagated:
Rooted cuttings or grafted seedlings
This breeding method is good because the bushes fully inherit all the technical characteristics of the variety. And grafted specimens are distinguished by the most powerful growth force.
By grafting on the rootstock
According to the opinions of experienced winegrowers, the excellent compatibility of the Jupiter variety with rootstocks of grapes Kober 5BB, C04 and Berlandieri HRiparia.
Layers from the mother bush
In this case, you need to use a fruiting vines with strong, well-ripened vines, which will serve as material for the cultivation of grapes.
Diseases and pests
Average resistance of Jupiter to disease. Therefore, mildew and mildew should be constantly fought, that is, regularly treated with special agents for fungal diseases. Prevention should be started in early spring, when young leaves are formed, at an average air temperature of 12̊C, and continue until the fruits ripen.
The plant can be attacked by many pests, namely grape aphids, weevils, ticks, midges. In order for the vineyard not to become the center of the accumulation of dangerous insects, it is necessary to carry out protective procedures in time. In spring and autumn, remove and burn fallen leaves. Also inspect the bushes, and if a problem is identified, resort to mechanical and chemical methods.
The Jupiter grape is of particular interest to winegrowers, due to the early ripening period, attractive appearance of the fruits, their harmonious taste, as well as resistance to adverse factors and climatic conditions.