Rosehip is a perennial shrub, which belongs to the family Rosaceae. A thorny bush grows on forest edges, glades, on the slopes of ravines, in river valleys. Also, this unpretentious bush adorns garden and summer cottages, since unique berries are sources of minerals, vitamins and other trace elements that are vital for the human body. In this article, we will consider planting and care in open ground.
How to grow a garden rose hip from seeds at home
The plant can be grown from seed at home. It becomes possible to control the entire process from start to finish.
This method is simple and less laborious; it differs from other methods in that it takes a long time.
Compliance with the instructions for growing rose hips from seeds will allow you to grow such plant bushes that will combine decorativeness and excellent fruiting indicators.
Instructions for growing rose hips from seeds:
- Seed material should be properly prepared, which will help to increase germination rates. To do this, in August, collect unripe, only slightly reddened fruits.
- Peel them of pulp, wash, sprinkle with wet sand and store in a cold place. This will create conditions close to natural for their good growth.
- Plant in the fall, since during the winter period the seeds are better stratified.
- Sow seeds in open ground to a depth of 2 cm.
- Water and mulch with manure and sawdust.
- In the spring, close the sowing with foil. For fast growth, ventilate regularly.
- Remove the film with the onset of warm weather.
You need to remember about thinning, since plants must receive sunlight and food from the soil. Thin after the seedlings have three leaves.
We sow rose hips with seeds:
A step-by-step guide to growing a plant outdoors
When can you plant - in autumn or spring?
Rosehip is planted both in spring, before the beginning of the growing season, and in autumn.... For planting, one-year and two-year seedlings are used. Planting stages include:
Determining the landing site
When choosing a place, one should take into account not only the aesthetic appearance of the garden plot, but also the needs of the plant for its normal development and productivity. For this plant bushes in a well-lit place with fertile land.
Loam and slightly acidic soil are considered ideal soil for it. It is not recommended to plant the plant in wetlands where groundwater is close.
Preparing the soil before planting a bush
The main requirements for the soil are considered to be thorough clearing of weeds and the accumulation of nutrients. The land in the selected area needs to be dug up by 20 cm.
Then dig holes for planting, the width and height of which should be half a meter. At the bottom of the depression, make a small hill of fertile soil.
How to properly plant an ornamental shrub
In order for the bush to take root well, you need to cut off its roots by a couple of centimeters, while being long, they should be at least 25 cm. Before planting immerse the seedlings in a mash of peat and manure... Water the planting holes well.
Then lower the seedlings, spread the roots and gently sprinkle with soil so that voids do not form. Then tamp the ground around the young bush, water and mulch with peat.
It is important to the distance between the bushes varied from 60 to 120 cm.
How to care for a thorny plant - basic rules
Properly organized care helps to increase yields, improve taste and accelerate fruit ripening. Therefore, the necessary measures must be carried out annually without fail.
Optimal watering
Rosehip tolerates drought well, therefore, does not need constant watering. The exception is hot, dry weather.
In this case, it is necessary to water the plant using three buckets of water for young bushes, and five for fruiting ones.
Basically, throughout the season, the procedure should be carried out about four times.
Soil loosening
Proper care involves periodic soil loosening.
The purpose of this event is to improve and restore the structure of the soil, its properties, the accumulation and preservation of moisture in the ground and the supply of oxygen to the roots of plants.
You should also constantly weed, destroying all the weeds that have grown near the bushes.
Bush shaping - pruning
Rosehip pruning is important both for decorative purposes and for fruiting the bush. The first procedure should be performed immediately after planting, cut off all branches, leaving no more than three buds.
Carry out the next pruning after two years, by removing the weak, broken and on the ground branches. Healthy and powerful branches should be cut at a height of 20 cm.
Pinch the tops to stimulate the development of lateral branches with flower buds, in shoots formed on stumps 75 cm high.
After three years, the berry culture will begin to give fruits... By this age, shrubs should have about fifteen powerful, evenly spaced and uneven-aged branches, since this berry culture is very fond of light, and the presence of many branches makes it difficult to lay flower buds.
The subsequent formation of the bush will consist in the elimination of broken, dry, diseased branches, weak shoots and the removal of branches that are more than five years old.
Carry out pruning in the autumn, or in the spring until the buds open.
Rosehip pruning:
Top dressing with appropriate nutrients and trace elements
For better growth of rose hips, it is necessary to provide it with all nutrients in sufficient volume. For this purpose, fertilizers are added using organic and mineral products.
From the second year after planting, apply nitrogen fertilizers, and three years later fertilize with compost or humus.
Root feeding is carried out four times a year: before and after flowering, at the beginning of ripening and after harvesting.
Preventive measures against diseases and pests
Rosehip plantations are attacked by many peststhat destroy the aboveground and underground parts. Such pests include the weevil, leafworm caterpillar, spider mite, rose fly, and wild rose fly.
Common diseases of rose hipspowdery mildew, rust, white and black spotting are causing significant damage to the plant bushes.
Therefore, so that the berry culture is not the center of the accumulation of pests and diseases, it is necessary to carry out protective procedures in a timely manner.
Cut dry and diseased branches in the spring and autumn, remove fallen foliage, burn it, because mushroom spores can overwinter under it, as well as dig up tree-trunk circles.
Inspect the bushes regularly and, if a problem is detected, determine the type of disease and treat with appropriate special proven means.
In order to prevent process the shrubs before budding necessary preparations, in order to avoid diseases inherent in this plant.
Preparing for winter
Rosehip is considered a strong and winter-hardy plant.... Most of its varieties do not need shelter for the winter.
An exception may be young seedlings of ornamental varieties, sensitive to low temperatures, which require reliable protection.
Therefore, cover the trunk circle of the bush with straw mats and cover with mulch. Wrap the shrub itself with burlap or other heat-insulating material. Before winter, the plants should be fed, cut and ripe fruits collected.
Compliance with all the rules for caring for berry crops will allow you to get a rich harvest of healing, and most importantly, environmentally friendly fruits.
Breeding methods, care
How to propagate rose hips? In addition to seeds, for planting rose hips also use cuttings and layering.
Propagated by green cuttings - by cuttings
Rationally propagate cultivars and varieties of rose hips by cuttings - green cuttings, which should be prepared in early July. During this period, the intensity of shoot growth decreases.
To do this, carefully cut the shoots and divide into cuttings, so that each of them has three healthy growth buds. The leaves located at the bottom should be removed, and the remaining ones should be shortened by half.
Make a cut at the top of the cutting straight, at a distance of 1 cm from the bud, and cut the stem at an angle of 45 degrees at the bottom.
Treat cuttings for good root formation and growth with specially designed growth stimulants. Then plant the planting material in a previously prepared substrate of peat and sand.
The root formation process takes four weeks... At first, take care of - observe the watering regime and prevent the soil from drying out.
Grow by layering
Most gardeners prefer this method. reproduction. This procedure is best done from mid-spring to late summer. To do this, you need to determine a productive shrub and separate the young layers, the height of which is 30 cm.
Then plant for rooting. You can also not separate, but bend it into a furrow 10 cm deep, pin it and fill it with fertile soil. Water regularly, spud to avoid the appearance of adventitious roots.
Next fall, separate the young plant from the mother bush and cut off the aboveground part at a height of 15 cm. In the spring, dig it out and can already be planted in a permanent place.
The advantage of propagation by layering is the complete transfer of the varietal useful properties of the mother plant.
Properly organized landing and timely, properly performed care will allow to grow a green hedge from plantations of rose hips.
Which will not only give a special style to the site, protect it from uninvited guests, but also become an irreplaceable supplier of vitamins for the whole family.