There has not been as much controversy and discussion about any other strawberry variety as about chamora turusi. Large berries, reaching the size of a small apple, raise doubts about the origin. Feeling, however, quickly gives way to admiration after the first try.
The aroma of wild strawberries and the delicate structure of the pulp cannot leave any gourmet indifferent.
Description of chamora turusi variety
The variety was bred presumably by Japanese breeders who crossed two "giants" together. The information is not known for certain, whether it is the fruits of the labors of scientists, or farmers.
The bush grows tall with a powerful spreading crown of bright green leaves and long whiskers. Peduncles are thick, greenery and flowers are large.
The yield of a mid-late culture from a bush is from 1.8 to 3 kg, berry weight from 80 to 110 grams... Chamora turusi ripens relatively late - in the second half of July (15-25 days).
The duration of fruiting and the quality of the berries depend on the care of the plant, in favorable conditions it is 1-2 months.
In the first year after planting, the bushes are not allowed to bloom, flowers and peduncles are removed with a sharp knife. For the next two years, strawberries please with a bountiful harvest and large fruits. For 4-5 years, the sizes are reduced, as well as the fruiting period. This is a kind of signal to transplant into more nutritious soil.
The climate for growing berries is moderate, the soil is fertile. Craftsmen gardeners manage to grow chamora turusi in northern conditions. True, the fruiting season is short, and the fruits weigh on average 35-50 g. Such an achievement becomes possible thanks to frost resistance varieties.
But it is not worth planting tubers in regions with a hot climate, the plant dies from drying out of the soil. According to gardeners' reviews, the plant does not freeze without a special shelter at -33 degrees... When using agrofibre, the yield increases. The culture can withstand winter with dignity with proper preparation and care.
You should not plant tubers in lowlands and places with high groundwater levels. The root system dies from waterlogging.
Characteristics of berries
Chamora turusi berry has a round-conical shape with folds and scallops. The average weight is 80 grams, but with proper agricultural technology, you can get fruits 110-130 gr.
Ripe strawberries are characterized by a dark red color with a brownish tint. The smell is pronounced strawberry. In August, the bed is abundantly covered with fruits, the picture is downright alluring for children and adults.
The culture manages to bear fruit without proper care, but the weight of the fruit in this case rarely exceeds 40-50 grams. In one place, strawberries bear fruit up to 12 years with the most primitive watering.
This fact is not considered in the context of lack of finickyness. On the contrary, the variety is not for the lazy. He rather demanding, gentle and even moody.
Breeding history and region of growth
The pedigree of strawberries is not known for certain, but it is believed that the hybrid was bred by selection by Japanese scientists using Gigantella Maxim or Queen Elizabeth.
Similarities with varieties are also mentioned in the scientific description. Therefore, Japan is considered to be the birthplace of Chamora Turusi.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
To make the picture about the variety clearer, you need to familiarize yourself with the advantages and disadvantages of the culture.
The main characteristics of chamora turusi include:
- big sizes berries with a pronounced strawberry aroma and taste;
- fruits are strong, easily tolerate transportation, while maintaining integrity;
- grow and bear fruit in one place for many years;
- frost resistance;
- the culture is not demanding on bait;
- resistance to the formation of powdery mildew.
When growing strawberries, it is worth considering its weaknesses:
- sensitivity to watering at different stages of bush development;
- can attack ticks and slugs;
- a vast territory is needed for disembarkation;
- concomitant diseases: verticillosis, gray rot, brown and white spots.
Compliance with the general rules for the care of the variety prevents the occurrence of most of the listed problems.
Nuances of growing Japanese strawberries
The rules for growing chamora turusi are generally similar to other strawberry varieties. But there are still some features. They should be considered in order to avoid unpleasant surprises.
- When planning the beds special attention is paid to the distance between bushes... In a thickened culture, pests take root well, fungal diseases develop. The recommended spacing between tubers is 30x60 cm... In regions where high humidity is observed most of the time, the indicator increases to 50 cm.
- The presence of low sides on the beds (20-25 cm) allows you to fix agrofibre to obtain an earlier harvest and protect plants from late frosts.
- Before planting seedlings, the soil necessarily enriched organic matter or mineral fertilizers. Chamora Turusi loves nutritious soil.
- Watering during fruiting is reduced. Excessive irrigation affects the palatability of the berries.
- Tubers not worth deepening into the soil. This can provoke the formation of gray mold. Also, improper planting reduces the taste of the berries.
Planting seedlings
The place for planting seedlings is selected well lit (at least 12 hours a day). In areas with slopes, elevation is preferred. Wetlands and saline soil types are not suitable.
The soil must be thoroughly loosened and enriched with humus or other organic matter. Chamora Turusi also loves: mineral fertilizers, mullein, chicken droppings (use dosed and very carefully so as not to burn the plant).
When marking the beds, you should adhere to the recommended intervals between tubers: 35x60 cm (for 1m2 for 4 plants).
Wells do not need to be made too deep, 12-15 cm is enough. The success of growing a culture depends, in particular, on the quality of the planting material. Experienced farmers recommend giving preference to rosettes obtained from the first tendril bud.
Planting the shoot in a plastic cup filled with peat is considered ideal conditions for rooting. The seedling is placed in the ground together with a lump so that the plant experiences less stress. If the quality of the seedlings is in doubt, the root system should be treated with a growth stimulator (Radifarm solution).
Planting time for strawberries depends on climatic conditions.
In the middle lane it can be done in late August, and in warm regions characterized by little snow in winter, in May.
In a temperate climate, preference is given to the autumn period, when the most favorable temperature regime and humidity level are established. Experts recommend preparing the beds in the fall: dig up and mix the soil with dolomite flour.
Mandatory measures for planting new tubers include:
- soaking strawberry roots in a weak solution of potassium permanganate one day before the start of work;
- processing them in a mixture of manure and clay, followed by 2 hours of drying;
- the formation of a small mound in the hole for installing a tuber;
- backfilling and soil compaction.
After planting, strawberries are watered abundantly until the end of the stage of adaptation to the external environment.
Growing conditions
Watering
Water the plant abundantly after planting and during the flowering period.
After the beginning of fruiting, the amount of water decreases. In this case, it is important to focus not on the recommended figures, but on the degree of soil moisture.
Irrigation frequency is 1 time in 3-4 days... Strawberries, although a moisture-loving culture, can rot from an excess of moisture.
A drip system that creates a comfortable living environment is considered an ideal option. Sprinkler irrigation is also suitable. Water the plants until mid-autumn, in the absence of heavy rains.
Soil and fertilizers
With proper care, strawberries begin to bear fruit in the second year after disembarkation... Under unfavorable conditions, the harvest will be obtained in the 3rd year. To prevent the soil from drying out and rotting of ripening fruits, you need to mulch the soil surface with straw, sawdust or other covering material.
Often there is no need to introduce fertilizers, excess nutrition will lead to the growth of leaves, and not the development of the root system.
In the second half of August, you need to complete trimming leaves and whiskers... The soil surface is treated with a fungicide solution (2%). If there are bald spots of soil at the root, cover them with a substrate.
Before the onset of cold weather, the bed is covered with a layer of sawdust or any other dry wood (the thickness of the pillow is at least 5-7 cm). Alternatively, use agrofibre.
Reproduction methods
There are several ways to breed chamora turusi.
Mustache
The easiest way to get a new seedling is from a mustache. To do this, from a plant that has reached 2-3 years of age, the most promising options (up to 5 pcs.) Are selected, growing closer to the outlet. They can be simply buried in the ground using a curved wire, or cut to fit into a glass of root-stimulating solution.
In the first case, the young shoot will take root after 1-1.5 months (it is separated and transplanted). In the second - through 2-3 weeks The mustache will take root and be ready to plant.
Dividing the bush
The method of dividing involves the selection of a good healthy bush for subsequent division into 2-4 parts.
Each fragment should have at least 4-5 leaves and a root 5-6 cm long. After the procedure, the separated parts are planted in open ground.
Seeds
The method of propagation by seeds is considered the most time consuming and unpredictable.
The process involves separating the pulp from large berries for subsequent drying. Selected seeds are planted in March in a container with a substrate (universal soil, peat, humus) and covered with a lid.
For the next two weeks, the planting is stored in the refrigerator, after which it is placed on the windowsill and periodically moistened by spraying. After the formation 2 leaves the shoot is transplanted into a separate pot. And after the appearance 5-6 sheets - into open ground.
Diseases and pests
Strawberries are prone to fungal diseases, but most often it amazes verticilliasis... Treatment is not always effective, so it is better to take preventive measures in a timely manner.
Verticillosis
When a bush is damaged by verticillosis, plant wilting and the formation of yellow-red leaf spots with an almost black coating on the tuber. Used for treatment: Benorad, Fundazol. They can handle a diseased plant no more than 3 times a season.
As a preventive measure, before planting, the root is soaked in a weak solution of potassium permanganate. During development, damaged leaves and twigs are promptly removed.
Fusarium
Fusarium is manifested yellowing, fast-drying sheetsfalling apart socket. The mustache turns brown.
Used for treatment: Benomil, Benorad, Fundazol. If it was not possible to save the plant, the soil in its place is treated with Nitrofen.
As a preventive measure, the following measures are used: timely transfer of beds to more fertile soil, regular introduction of dolomite flour into the soil, spring treatment of the site with a fungicide.
Gray rot
Gray rot is characterized by the formation dark gray spots on the berrycovered with light pile with small black dots.
For treatment, drugs are used: Fundazol, Teldor, Bayleton, etc. As a preventive measure, it is recommended to observe the following rules: when planting, leave sufficient space between the tubers, rejuvenate the beds in a timely manner, do not use fresh manure for bait.
Black root rot
Rhizoctonia or black root rot affects the root system, manifests itself in the form of brown spots, drying and falling leaves.
There are no control methods for the disease, but the problem can be prevented by disinfecting the seedlings before planting and replanting the bushes to a new site.
Pests
From pests on strawberries, larvae invade May beetle and strawberry mite... In the first case, intense yellowing and falling leaves are observed at the beginning of the season. And in the second - their deformation and twisting into tubes.
When pests are detected, you should react instantly in order to have time to save the plant. It is necessary to spray the bushes with special preparations: Karbofos, Neoron, Fitoferm, etc.
From larvae May beetle prevention will help - treatment of the beds before planting with Bazudin, Antichrushch, Aktara, planting nearby turnips, lupins and white clover. Emergence strawberry mite prevents a contrast shower (alternating spraying with hot and cold water).
Everyone can grow a large berry, one has only to show a little patience and provide the plant with proper care.