The apple tree remains a popular fruit tree, new varieties and hybrids of which are regularly bred by selectors. One of the relatively recently withdrawn is apple variety Kandil Orlovsky.
Description of the variety
Thanks to the versatile work of breeders of the Research Institute of Russia of Fruit Crops, an apple variety was bred, called Kandil Orlovsky. The dream was obtained by free pollination of hybrid seedlings of varieties Wesley and Jonathan.
The authors who worked on the development of a new variety were Sedova E.N., Serov Z.M., Zhdanova V.V., Dolmatova E.A.... This variety was accepted for state trials in 1997, and registered in the State Register in 2002.
Apple-tree of Kandil Orlovsky variety of medium size, low, the crown is small, round, not thickened. The main shoots are sparsely located, curved, but depart from the stem almost at right angles. Intensive pruning and crown shaping is not required.
By the tree well developed root system... This variety loves light, places with loamy and sandy loamy moist soil. Reacts positively to feeding and fertilization.
Under the weight of ripe apples, the branches become heavy and sink, they can break. To avoid this, put up supports. They can be harvested after harvesting.
The shoots of this apple tree are of medium thickness, rounded in cross section, cranked. The bark on the trunk, main branches and shoots is brownish brown and smooth.
The leaves are small, in the form of a narrowed oval, the apex is pointed and twisted in a spiral, bright dark green color, shiny. They are distinguished by coarse venation, wrinkled with a small-town and wavy edge.
Sheet plate of medium thickness and length. They have small needle-shaped stipules at the base of the leaf. There are few lentils on the shoot, they are small.
This variety has small, densely pressed to the shoots, pubescent buds in the shape of a cone. White-pink flat inflorescences of medium size, rounded, with long pedicels.
Kandil Orlovsky begins to harvest early enough, already 3-5 years after planting the tree. Differs in high productivity. Young trees can produce an average of 160 kg of apples per tree.
This apple variety bears fruit regularly, almost every year. Over time, however, the yield drops and the palatability of the fruit deteriorates.
Ripe fruits are harvested in September, they lie well until spring, and are easily transported.
The fruits of this variety have juicy, light green pulp with a pleasant sweet and sour taste and a good aroma. Fruits are rich in vitamin C, small, weighing about 150 grams.
They have an attractive appearance in the form of an elongated cone, yellow-green in color with a bright red blush, with a smooth and shiny skin.
Kandil Orlovsky is winter hardiness, resistance to many fungal diseases, scab. Being a self-fertile variety, it nevertheless needs pollen from other apple varieties for better fruit setting and increased yields.
Due to its climatic resistance, cultivation is possible in almost any region.
Advantages and disadvantages of the apple tree
The main advantages of an apple tree of this variety are the resistance to scab of leaves and fruits, high commercial and taste qualities, a unique attractive shape of fruits, high productivity, early maturity.
Resistant to cold climates, tolerates temperatures up to -35 degrees, has a natural immunity to fungal diseases.
It holds the record for keeping fruit... It is consumed as fresh. So well suited for various types of fruit processing.
This variety does not tolerate shading, it needs the most illuminated place.
Top dressing
Like any plant, to increase productivity, the apple tree Kandil Orlovsky needs feeding, root and foliar.
In the first year, the seedling is not fertilized, but it is watered regularly and abundantly, especially in dry periods, loosen the soil, while getting rid of weeds.
Further in spring, nitrogen fertilization of the tree is made, in the summer, sprayed with liquid fertilizers. For the next season, the spring feeding is repeated, and the autumn one is produced with fertilizers with phosphorus and potassium.
After the tree has begun bearing fruit, their number is brought up to four times a year.
Before and after you feed the plant, be sure to water it abundantly. Apply organic fertilizers when root feeding, mineral fertilizers when spraying the plant.
Region of natural growth and adaptation in other regions
Initially the variety was bred for growing in the Central, North Caucasian and Black Earth regions... But being winter-hardy and resistant to all kinds of diseases, including fungal, it can grow everywhere.
The region of growth does not affect the quality of fruits and productivity.
Tips for planting seedlings Kandil Orlovsky
First of all, you need to decide on the place of planting a young plant. Choose a well-lit areato avoid falling yields.
A drained place is needed, on loams, sandy loam moisture-absorbing soils. It is possible to grow on black soil with low acidity, as well as on sandy soil, subject to regular feeding and fertilization.
The apple tree does not tolerate stagnant water... In this case, poor development of the tree is likely and its death is possible.
For planting, prepare pits about 80 cm wide and about 1 meter deep in advance. This is necessary for the earth to settle. Drive in the landing peg.
If you have chosen an area where there is a possibility of flooding, drain it. In the lowest part of the dug hole for planting an apple tree, drill a channel up to 1.5 meters deep, fill it with gravel or broken brick.
Properly fertilize the soil with the prepared top dressing made of peat, humus and mineral fertilizers... When the soil settles, and this may take up to two weeks, start planting a young plant.
Do not deepen the apple tree sapling too deeply when planting, the place where the root passes into the tree trunk must be 5 cm above the soil level.
Tie a tree to a peg, thus forming the correct direction of its growth. Cover the roots well with soil and water abundantly.
After a month, feed the planted apple tree with any rooting agent to stimulate its growth and help it adapt and take root.
In order for the crown of the tree to develop faster, when planting, it is necessary to cut off the branches of the seedling by a third.
By purchasing an apple-tree seedling Kandil Orlovsky in the spring, cut the branches immediately, but the roots cannot be touched... The period of its survival depends on the number of roots.
If you got a seedling with a weak root system, get rid of almost all the leaves on it, leaving only 10% of the total.
Care
Due to its shape, the tree of the selected variety does not require pruning to form the crown... Damaged and dry shoots are cut only from adult apple trees in order to rejuvenate the plant. This should be done in early spring, before the buds have blossomed.
Experts recommend cutting off up to 80% of the color in the first year after planting., this will help the tree take root better and faster.
In subsequent years, it is worthwhile to carry out the procedure for rationing the harvest: to cut off the extra "green leaves", that is, small, recently set, a few centimeters in diameter fruits.
If you do not perform this operation, the tree itself will subsequently throw off the excess, but the remaining fruits after ripening will be smaller and less sweet.
By normalizing the crop in this way, you can try get rid of the fruiting tree a year - in a year.
Diseases and pests of apples
The Kandil Orlovsky apple tree is popular because it is absolutely resistant to scab, has immunity to fungal diseases, and therefore saves gardeners from a lot of trouble.
With rare exceptions can be attacked by aphids, apple beetle and sawfly.
To fight pests, burn dry branches, leaves, treat the tree with insecticides.
Having chosen this extremely unpretentious variety for the garden, which does not require serious care, you will be able to get maximum results with minimum effort, having received a high yield of fruits with excellent taste and presentation.