The Borovinka apple variety is one of the oldest varieties. Many gardeners have chosen it for planting in plots. thanks to the positive qualities:
- Unpretentiousness.
- Early fruiting.
- High yield.
- Resistant to frost and disease.
Characteristics of the Borovinka variety
From the history
Borovinka was first described by A.T. Bolotov in the early 19th century and more than 150 years ago the scientist M. V. Rytov wrote that apples of this variety are tasteless and equated them with the Antonovka variety. At the same time, the North Americans liked the variety and they began to grow it in their gardens, where it was named Oldenburgsky.
Borovinka was also cultivated by Western Europeans. The apple tree has spread throughout the regions of Russia. It was named differently in different places. They called her:
- Kharlamovka.
- Filling Kharlamov.
- Borovitsky.
- Bravina.
For the entire existence of the variety, the origin has not been established. It is now generally accepted that this variety appeared as a result of folk selection... On the basis of Borovinka, breeders have bred more than two dozen varieties.
Characteristics of trees and fruits
The Borovinka variety is grown by gardeners in many Russian regions. The apple tree is tall and grows up to 4.5 m. A dense crown with a diameter of 5.5 m, oval. Smooth, green branches are brown... Wide, rounded leaves with a gloss, dark green color are located at an angle of 90 degrees to the shoot.
Apple trees of this variety have thin, long petioles of a dark raspberry hue. This variety always blooms early and abundantly. White inflorescences with a slight pink tinge of medium size.
Apples grow from 90 to 200 grams... Correct, rounded shape. The apple color is green, light shade, but usually light yellow on the sides with red streaks. The peel on apples is smooth, with a light waxy coating. Juicy, firm pulp. Sweet and sour taste. They are eaten fresh, as well as jam, compote, dried. Juices are made. Soaked apples are prepared.
Borovinka variety differs from other varieties by dents on the leaves.
Advantages and disadvantages
Many gardeners have chosen this variety, but what is it good for?
- Early ripe variety.
- Can grow in any conditions.
- Doesn't need much leaving.
- Abundant harvest.
- Frost resistant.
- The fruits are good when fresh and revised form.
- High pest resistance and diseases.
Disadvantages:
- Fruit with mild taste.
- Grows poorly in the heat and drought.
- Ripe apples fall from the tree.
- Fragile branches.
From the positive characteristics, it is clear that Borovinka can be grown in any garden without much effort... Watering is important for the plant during a drought.
Types of apples of this variety
On the basis of the Borovinka variety, many species have been bred. These include:
- Borovinka pineapple... Late ripening variety. The apples are juicy. Pleasant sweet and sour taste. Apples from 80 to 120 grams. Can be saved until March. Not prone to scab.
- Orange... Late ripe. The apples grow up to 150 grams. Stored until June. Freeze resistance. Not sick with scab.
- Pink superb... Early ripe. Apples weighing up to 150 grams with a bright blush. Short shelf life - 10 days. Suffers from fruit rot and scab.
- Borovinka Sergeeva... Summer variety. Ripens in late summer. Fruits up to 150 grams. Stored up to ten days. The apple tree is hardy and high-yielding.
- Borovinka red... Medium ripening. Juicy apples. Rich red color and sweet and sour taste. Weight 100 grams. The tree is frost-resistant. Not susceptible to disease.
- Borovinka Akulovskaya... Apples weighing 90 grams. They have a light green color with a slight blush. Stored until spring. In the harsh winter they can freeze, but quickly restore the crown. It should be treated for powdery mildew.
Apple trees begin to bear fruit from 4 years of age. Stable and high yields. More than 100 kg of apples can be harvested from a 20 year old tree. In the southern regions, they ripen in late summer. In other regions, fruits ripen in September.
Since the variety is self-fertile, then planting of pollinator varieties is required. The following varieties are suitable for Borovinka:
- Folding.
- Astrakhan red.
- Anise.
- Antonovka.
- Cinnamon striped.
- Astrakhan white.
Planting and leaving
It is possible to grow Borovinka from seeds, but no one can predict the taste and size of the fruit. But lovers of experiments can grow Borovinka seedlings from seeds... Such seedlings can later be used as a rootstock. Such seedlings are grafted with varietal plants from which excellent yields are obtained.
It is best to buy seedlings in special nurseries where seedlings are grown. Biennial plants bear fruit much faster than seedlings of other ages.
When buying, pay attention to the condition of the plant. If the root system is open, then it should have a good lobe. Roots should not be dry or rotten... The aboveground part should also have a healthy appearance. Those plants that are purchased with closed roots can be planted at any time, but apple trees with an open root system must be planted immediately in the soil or put into water before planting.
For apple trees to grow well, they need loamy or chernozem soil.... It is better if the groundwater is more than 1.5 m deep. The earth should be light and allow moisture and air to pass through.
To plant, use the following tool:
- Shovel.
- As a level, take twine and stakes as it.
- Small pebbles or gravel as drainage.
- You need pegs for a garter.
Fertilizers are also needed for planting.
Apple trees are best planted in autumn... Plants planted at this time take root better. Prepare the pit a month before planting. Planting is also possible in the spring, but then the holes for planting should be prepared in the fall.
In the selected area, dig a hole 60 cm deep and 1 m in diameter. Pour 10-15 cm of drainage on the bottom. Mix fertilizers with soil. For 1 hole you should add:
- Manure 5-7 kg.
- Peat 8-10 kg.
- Superphosphate 80-100 grams.
- Potassium sulfate 30-40 grams.
- Wood ash 1 kg.
Drive a peg in the center of the hole and attach a seedling to it.
When planting, the root collar should be 30 cm higher than the soil.
It is more convenient to plant plants together. One holds an apple tree, the other falls asleep with soil. The soil should completely fill all the voids, so shake the tree from time to time.
After the hole is filled with earth, it must be trampled down... After that, add another layer of soil. Now tie the tree to the peg. This must be done so that the immature plant does not break with the wind.
After planting, the apple tree should be watered abundantly. It is better to water in several steps so that the soil is thoroughly saturated with moisture... First, carefully pour out one bucket of water and then two more at intervals.
Apple tree maintenance requires little. In the heat, with a lack of moisture, they usually drop apples. Therefore, in a hot, dry period, abundant watering is necessary. Water 4-5 times a week.
After watering or rains in tree trunks, it is necessary to loosen the ground... This will increase air access to the root system of the apple tree. After loosening, add a layer of peat or humus mulch. This will prevent unnecessary work to remove weeds and dry out the land.
With the onset of autumn, treat the trees with garden pitch and whitewash the trunks. Dig up the trunk circles, and add 20-30 kg of humus or compost for digging. In order to protect the tree from frost, the trunk is wrapped with roofing paper, branches or covering material.
Prevention of diseases and pests
Borovinka variety, practically not susceptible to diseases and pest attacks, but prevention is still necessary. To do this, before the buds swell on the apple trees, it should be treated with copper sulfate. 200 grams of vitriol is diluted for 10 liters of water. Apple trees are treated with this solution. Until the buds bloom, treat the trees with Bordeaux mixture. It should be 3-4%.
At the beginning of spring, it is recommended to prune the crown and clean the tree stem from dried bark... At the same time, remove all frozen and broken branches. This procedure should be repeated after two weeks.
For prevention, you can use drugs such as "Topaz", which is diluted with 2 ml per 10 liters of water or "Skor". Fungicides help with apple scab.
When the apple tree has faded, spray it with Karbofos... Take 80 grams of the product for 10 liters of water. Mix thoroughly and treat trees from insects.
Borovinka's apples are stored until January-February. To preserve the fruits until spring, fold the apples in a container in rows... Lay them with the stalk up and sprinkle with sawdust. The storage temperature should be within + - 1 degrees. Humidity should be kept at 90-95%. Sprinkle the rows with apples with sawdust or wrap each apple in paper.
Gardeners liked the Borovinka variety for its yield and unpretentiousness. He is able to adapt to different natural conditions. Therefore, this variety is widely used in gardens around the world. If you take into account the characteristics of the variety and follow the rules of care, then Borovinka will bring big harvests annually.
Reviews
Valery: I planted winter Borovinka on my site. Does not have time to ripen.
Alexander: Summer Borovinka bears a lot of fruits, but it is required to put props, otherwise the branches simply break off under the weight.
Olga: Not very tasty apples, but fruitful variety. In the fall, you can cook jam and stewed fruit.